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Home » News » Oriented vs. Non-Oriented Silicon Steel: A Concise Guide

Oriented vs. Non-Oriented Silicon Steel: A Concise Guide

Views: 0     Author: Site Editor     Publish Time: 2026-03-18      Origin: Site

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Introduction

Choosing between oriented and non-oriented silicon steel is critical for transformer performance, as their magnetic properties directly determine the efficiency, iron loss, and service life of transformer cores. Both EI silicon steel laminations and toroidal cores use either grade, depending on the customer’s performance needs, cost control, and application scenarios. Below is a detailed comparison with professional reference data for practical selection.



1.Core Performance Data & Comparison Table

The following table summarizes the core technical parameters of common oriented (GO) and non-oriented (NGO) silicon steel, which is the key reference for product selection (data is for common grades, customizable according to requirements):

Performance Indicator
Oriented Silicon Steel (GO)
Non-Oriented Silicon Steel (NGO)
Application Tip
Iron Loss (P1.5/50, W/kg)

1.1-1.55 W/kg

(common product)

3.2-7 W/kg

(common grade)

Lower loss for high-efficiency transformers
Magnetic Permeability (μ, H/m)

18000-48000 H/m 

(up to 6 times that of non-oriented silicon steel)

3000-8000 H/m 

(based on IEC60404, GB/T 3655 standards and industrial test data)

High permeability for power transformers
Thickness (mm)
0.23-0.35 mm
0.35-0.50 mm
Thinner for lower iron loss
Silicon Content (%)
2.9-3.3%
1.5-3.0%
Higher silicon for lower loss but poorer ductility
Cost (relative value)
More than 2 times
1.0
Balanced with performance requirements



2.Oriented Silicon Steel (GO)

Highly aligned crystal structure (grain orientation parallel to rolling direction), featuring high magnetic permeability (18000-48000 H/m, up to 6 times that of non-oriented silicon steel) and iron loss (P1.7/50: 1.1-1.55 W/kg for common products). 

It is mainly used in high-efficiency power transformers, distribution transformers, and high-precision EI silicon steel laminations. Although its cost can reach more than 2 times that of non-oriented silicon steel, it can reduce transformer iron loss by 30-50%, ensuring superior performance for long-term continuous operation. The magnetic permeability ratio of oriented to non-oriented silicon steel can reach 6:1, which is a key feature of oriented silicon steel.



3.Non-Oriented Silicon Steel (NGO)

Random crystal orientation, with balanced magnetic properties in all directions. Its iron loss (P1.5/50: 3.2-7 W/kg for common grade) and magnetic permeability (3000-8000 H/m, based on IEC60404, GB/T 3655 standards and industrial test data) are moderate, but it has lower cost, better ductility, and easier processing. 

It is widely used in toroidal cores, general-purpose EI laminations, motor cores, and other products, suitable for cost-sensitive projects with no strict requirements on iron loss. Common non-oriented silicon steel grades in industrial applications have stable magnetic properties and wide adaptability.


4. Selection Guide

Based on the above data, the selection principle is as follows: 


① Choose oriented silicon steel for high-efficiency, low-loss transformers (e.g., power transformers with efficiency level 1-2) and high-precision EI laminations; 


② Choose non-oriented silicon steel for cost-saving, balanced-performance applications (e.g., toroidal cores, general-purpose EI laminations, small and medium-sized motors).



Conclusion

The choice between oriented and non-oriented silicon steel depends on customer’s performance requirements, cost budget, and application scenarios. Our factory provides custom EI silicon steel laminations and toroidal cores, covering common grades of oriented (0.23/0.27/0.30 mm) and non-oriented (0.35/0.50 mm) silicon steel to meet global demand for different scenarios.


Contact Us

If you need custom silicon steel laminations or toroidal cores, contact us for a quote. Our technical team will provide personalized solutions based on your performance indicators (iron loss, permeability) and cost needs, and provide detailed product test reports.







Jirui Electrical Appliance Co.,Ltd
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